AIM Text
- Pilots operating in accordance with an IFR flight plan, provided they are clear of clouds and have at least 1 mile flight visibility and can reasonably expect to continue to the destination airport in those conditions, may request ATC authorization for a contact approach.
- Controllers may authorize a contact approach provided:
- The contact approach is specifically requested by the pilot. ATC cannot initiate this approach.
- The reported ground visibility at the destination airport is at least 1 statute mile.
- The contact approach will be made to an airport having a standard or special instrument approach procedure.
- Approved separation is applied between aircraft so cleared and between these aircraft and other IFR or special VFR aircraft.
- A contact approach is an approach procedure that may be used by a pilot (with prior authorization from ATC) in lieu of conducting a standard or special IAP to an airport. It is not intended for use by a pilot on an IFR flight clearance to operate to an airport not having a published and functioning IAP. Nor is it intended for an aircraft to conduct an instrument approach to one airport and then, when “in the clear,” discontinue that approach and proceed to another airport. In the execution of a contact approach, the pilot assumes the responsibility for obstruction clearance. If radar service is being received, it will automatically terminate when the pilot is instructed to change to advisory frequency.
Source: FAA Aeronautical Information Manual · current edition · paragraph 5-4-25.
The short answer
This AIM section explains the contact approach: FAA advisory guidance on an approach a pilot on an IFR flight plan may request, in lieu of a published instrument approach, when clear of clouds with at least 1 mile flight visibility. It supports IFR operating rules under 14 CFR 91.175 and the pilot assumes obstruction clearance.
Research Notes
Common Questions
Can ATC offer me a contact approach, or must I ask for it?
Per the AIM, the contact approach must be specifically requested by the pilot — ATC cannot initiate it. The standard request is simply “Request contact approach.” Controllers may then authorize it if the reported ground visibility at the destination is at least 1 statute mile and the airport has a standard or special instrument approach procedure.
What weather and airport conditions are needed for a contact approach?
The AIM states the pilot must be clear of clouds, have at least 1 mile flight visibility, and reasonably expect to continue to the destination in those conditions. Reported ground visibility at the destination must be at least 1 statute mile, and the airport must have a standard or special instrument approach procedure. It is not for airports lacking a published, functioning IAP.
Who is responsible for clearing obstacles on a contact approach?
The AIM is explicit: in executing a contact approach, the pilot assumes the responsibility for obstruction clearance. ATC still applies approved separation between the cleared aircraft and other IFR or special VFR traffic. If radar service is being received, it automatically terminates when the pilot is instructed to change to advisory frequency.