AIM Text
TBL 5-6-1
Intercepting Signals
| INTERCEPTING SIGNALS | ||||
| Series | INTERCEPTING Aircraft Signals | Meaning | INTERCEPTED Aircraft Responds | Meaning |
| 1 | DAY-Rocking wings from a position slightly above and ahead of, and normally to the left of, the intercepted aircraft and, after acknowledgement, a slow level turn, normally to the left, on to the desired heading. | You have been intercepted. Follow me. | AEROPLANES: | Understood, will comply. |
| 2 | DAY or NIGHT-An abrupt break-away maneuver from the intercepted aircraft consisting of a climbing turn of 90 degrees or more without crossing the line of flight of the intercepted aircraft. | You may | AEROPLANES: | Understood, will comply. |
| 3 | DAY-Circling aerodrome, lowering landing gear and overflying runway in direction of landing or, if the intercepted aircraft is a helicopter, overflying the helicopter landing area. | Land at this aerodrome. | AEROPLANES: | Understood, will comply. |
TBL 5-6-2
Intercepting Signals
| INTERCEPTING SIGNALS | ||||
| Series | INTERCEPTED Aircraft Signals | Meaning | INTERCEPTING Aircraft Responds | Meaning |
| 4 | DAY or NIGHT-Raising landing gear (if fitted) and flashing landing lights while passing over runway in use or helicopter landing area at a height exceeding 300m (1,000 ft) but not exceeding 600m (2,000 ft) (in the case of a helicopter, at a height exceeding 50m (170 ft) but not exceeding 100m (330 ft) above the aerodrome level, and continuing to circle runway in use or helicopter landing area. If unable to flash landing lights, flash any other lights available. | Aerodrome you have designated is inadequate. | DAY or NIGHT-If it is desired that the intercepted aircraft follow the intercepting aircraft to an alternate aerodrome, the intercepting aircraft raises its landing gear (if fitted) and uses the Series 1 signals prescribed for intercepting aircraft. | Understood, follow me. |
| 5 | DAY or NIGHT-Regular switching on and off of all available lights but in such a manner as to be distinct from flashing lights. | Cannot comply. | DAY or NIGHT‐Use Series 2 signals prescribed for intercepting aircraft. | Understood. |
| 6 | DAY or NIGHT-Irregular flashing of all available lights. | In distress. | DAY or NIGHT‐Use Series 2 signals prescribed for intercepting aircraft. | Understood. |
5-6-15. ADIZ Boundaries and Designated Mountainous Areas
FIG 5-6-3
Air Defense Identification Zone Boundaries
Designated Mountainous Areas
5-6-16. Visual Warning System (VWS)
The VWS signal consists of highly-focused red and green colored laser lights designed to illuminate in an alternating red and green signal pattern. These lasers may be directed at specific aircraft suspected of making unauthorized entry into the Washington, DC Special Flight Rules Area (DC SFRA) proceeding on a heading or flight path that may be interpreted as a threat or that operate contrary to the operating rules for the DC SFRA. The beam is neither hazardous to the eyes of pilots/aircrew or passengers, regardless of altitude or distance from the source nor will the beam affect aircraft systems.
- If you are communicating with ATC, and this signal is directed at your aircraft, you are required to contact ATC and advise that you are being illuminated by a visual warning system.
- If this signal is directed at you, and you are not communicating with ATC, you are advised to turn to the most direct heading away from the center of the DC SFRA as soon as possible. Immediately contact ATC on an appropriate frequency, VHF Guard 121.5 or UHF Guard 243.0, and provide your aircraft identification, position, and nature of the flight. Failure to follow these procedures may result in interception by military aircraft. Further noncompliance with interceptor aircraft or ATC may result in the use of force.
- Pilots planning to operate aircraft in or near the DC SFRA are to familiarize themselves with aircraft intercept procedures. This information applies to all aircraft operating within the DC SFRA including DoD, Law Enforcement, and aircraft engaged in aeromedical operations and does not change procedures established for reporting unauthorized laser illumination as published in FAA Advisory Circulars and Notices.
- More details including a video demonstration of the VWS are available from the following FAA website: www.faasafety.gov/VisualWarningSystem/VisualWarning.htm.
Source: FAA Aeronautical Information Manual · current edition · paragraph 5-6-14.
Research Notes
AIM 5-6-14 covers Air-to-Ground Communications — operational comms with non-ATC ground entities (FBO, airport operations, fuel trucks, etc.).
FBO and ground services: Coordinated on UNICOM frequency (typically 122.95 at towered airports, 122.7-122.9 at non-towered). Common requests:
- Fuel coordination
- Parking instructions
- Crew transport
- Catering / cleaning
Airport operations: Sometimes available on a dedicated frequency for runway closures, snow operations, wildlife alerts, etc.
Reference: AIM 5-6-14; AIM 4-1-11 (UNICOM frequencies).