FAR DECODED — TITLE 14 CFR

Privileges and Limits of a Sport Pilot Certificate

Regulation Text

§ 61.315 What are the privileges and limits of my sport pilot certificate?

(a) If you hold a sport pilot certificate you may act as pilot in command of an aircraft that meets the provisions of § 61.316, except as specified in paragraph (c) of this section.

(b) You may share the operating expenses of a flight with a passenger, provided the expenses involve only fuel, oil, airport expenses, or aircraft rental fees. You must pay at least half the operating expenses of the flight.

(c) You may not act as pilot in command of an aircraft:

(1) That is carrying a passenger or property for compensation or hire.

(2) For compensation or hire.

(3) In furtherance of a business.

(4) While carrying more than one passenger.

(5) At night, except as provided in § 61.329.

(6) In Class A airspace.

(7) In Class B, C, and D airspace, at an airport located in Class B, C, or D airspace, and to, from, through, or at an airport having an operational control tower unless you have met the requirements specified in § 61.325.

(8) Outside the United States, unless you have prior authorization from the country in which you seek to operate. Your sport pilot certificate carries the limit "Holder does not meet ICAO requirements."

(9) To demonstrate the aircraft in flight to a prospective buyer if you are an aircraft salesperson.

(10) In a passenger-carrying airlift sponsored by a charitable organization.

(11) At an altitude of more than 10,000 feet MSL or 2,000 feet AGL, whichever is higher.

(12) When the flight or surface visibility is less than 3 statute miles.

(13) Without visual reference to the surface.

(14) If the aircraft:

(i) Has a VH greater than 87 knots CAS, unless you have met the requirements of § 61.327(b).

(ii) Has a VH less than or equal to 87 knots CAS, unless you have met the requirements of § 61.327(a) or have logged flight time as pilot in command of an airplane with a VH less than or equal to 87 knots CAS before April 2, 2010.

(15) Contrary to any operating limitation placed on the airworthiness certificate of the aircraft being flown.

(16) Contrary to any limit on your pilot certificate or airman medical certificate, or any other limit or endorsement from an authorized instructor.

(17) Contrary to any restriction or limitation on your U.S. driver's license or any restriction or limitation imposed by judicial or administrative order when using your driver's license to satisfy a requirement of this part.

(18) While towing any object.

(19) As a pilot flight crewmember on any aircraft for which more than one pilot is required by the type certificate of the aircraft or the regulations under which the flight is conducted.

(20) If the aircraft—

(i) Has retractable landing gear, unless you have met the requirements of § 61.331(a); or

(ii) Is an airplane with a manual controllable pitch propeller, unless you have met the requirements of § 61.331(b).

(21) That requires a pilot to hold a type rating in accordance with § 61.31(a).

[Docket FAA-2001-11133, 69 FR 44869, July 27, 2004, as amended by Amdt. 61-125, 75 FR 5221, Feb. 1, 2010; Amdt. 61-125A, 75 FR 15610, Mar. 30, 2010; Docket FAA-2023-1377, Amdt. 61-159, 90 FR 35215, July 24, 2025]

Research Notes

Research Notes — § 61.315 Sport Pilot Privileges and Limitations

Core Privilege

§ 61.315(a) grants the sport pilot the privilege to act as pilot in command of aircraft meeting the § 61.316 performance limits. This is the operational foundation of the sport pilot certificate. Source: 14 CFR § 61.315 via eCFR.

Expense Sharing — § 61.315(b)

Sport pilots may share operating expenses with passengers (fuel, oil, airport, aircraft rental). They must pay at least half. This is the same expense-sharing authorization available to private pilots under § 61.113(c). The key limitation: sport pilots cannot fly for compensation or hire in any form — including carrying passengers for hire, operating in furtherance of a business, or demonstrating aircraft to prospective buyers. Source: FAA Chief Counsel Interpretation, expense sharing limits.

Altitude Limit — 10,000 ft MSL or 2,000 ft AGL

§ 61.315(c)(11): sport pilots may not operate above 10,000 feet MSL, or 2,000 feet AGL if AGL is higher. This is a hard operational ceiling, not a recommendation. Operating above this altitude requires a separate limitation endorsement and is beyond standard sport pilot privileges. Mountain flying in the western U.S. may easily approach or exceed these limits. Source: 14 CFR § 61.315(c)(11).

Visibility Minimum — 3 SM

§ 61.315(c)(12): minimum 3 statute miles flight visibility. This is the same VFR visibility minimum for Class G airspace below 1,200 AGL during the day, but it applies to sport pilots at all altitudes and airspace classes where they operate (they can't access Class A). Source: 14 CFR § 91.155 — Basic VFR Weather Minimums.

Night Restriction

§ 61.315(c)(5): sport pilots may not fly at night "except as provided in § 61.329." § 61.329 allows night flying with additional training and a logbook endorsement — it is not a blanket prohibition, but requires a specific certification step. Many sport pilots remain unaware that a night endorsement pathway exists. Source: 14 CFR § 61.329 — Sport Pilot Night Flying Endorsement.

ICAO Limitation — International Operations

§ 61.315(c)(8): the sport pilot certificate carries the endorsement "Holder does not meet ICAO requirements." This means the certificate is not ICAO-recognized and cannot be used to operate in foreign countries under ICAO Article 31 reciprocity. Flying internationally requires prior written authorization from the foreign country — a significant practical limitation for cross-border sport flying. Source: ICAO Annex 1 — Personnel Licensing.

VH Speed Endorsement Requirement

§ 61.315(c)(14): sport pilots cannot fly an aircraft with a VH (maximum level flight speed) greater than 87 knots CAS without a specific endorsement under § 61.327(b). This requirement protects pilots moving from slower LSA to faster aircraft within the LSA category. Source: 14 CFR § 61.327 — Sport Pilot Endorsement for Aircraft with Higher VH.

CFI Commentary

Highlighted phrases in the regulation text above link to instructor notes at the bottom of this page. Look for the amber or blue highlights — each one flags a gotcha or a pro tip worth knowing.

Amendment History

2004-07-27
§ 61.315 established with sport pilot privileges and 17 limitations. 69 FR 44869.
Amendment: original
2010-02-01
Added VH endorsement requirements (§ 61.315(c)(14)) and retractable gear/controllable pitch propeller endorsement requirement (§ 61.315(c)(20)). 75 FR 5221.
Amendment: Amdt. 61-125
2010-03-30
Technical correction to Amdt. 61-125. 75 FR 15610.
Amendment: Amdt. 61-125A
2025-07-24
Substantive update: added limitation (21) requiring type rating for multi-pilot aircraft. Updated cross-references for retractable gear and controllable pitch propeller endorsements. 90 FR 35215.
Amendment: Amdt. 61-159

AOA Notes

These notes correspond to the highlighted phrases in the regulation text above. Each one flags something worth knowing — a common misread, a checkride gotcha, or a practical pro tip.

Gotcha: The 10,000-Foot Ceiling — and Why Mountain Flying Trips People Up
The altitude limit sounds simple until you're planning a cross-country in the western U.S. If you're flying over the Rockies and need to clear a 12,500-foot ridge, a sport pilot certificate doesn't get you there without an endorsement. The '2,000 feet AGL' alternate limit means if the terrain below you is at 9,000 feet MSL, you can legally fly at 11,000 feet MSL — because that's only 2,000 AGL. Many sport pilots don't think through this terrain-relative calculation and assume they're limited to 10,000 MSL regardless of terrain. Run the math before you fly mountain routes.
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Gotcha: Your Sport Pilot Certificate Literally Says It Doesn't Meet International Standards
The limitation statement printed on your sport pilot certificate — 'Holder does not meet ICAO requirements' — is not just bureaucratic language. It means you cannot legally operate an aircraft in a foreign country under the standard ICAO pilot certificate reciprocity that allows, say, a U.S. private pilot to fly in Canada or Mexico. If you want to fly internationally as a sport pilot, you need written authorization from the foreign country's civil aviation authority. This is a real operational constraint that surprises sport pilots planning trips to the Bahamas, Mexico, or Canada. Upgrade to a private pilot certificate if international flying is in your future.
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Pro Tip: Night Flying Is Possible — You Just Need the Endorsement
The regulation says 'no night flying except as provided in § 61.329' — which most pilots read as 'no night flying, period.' But § 61.329 creates a pathway: get the training, get the endorsement, and you can fly at night as a sport pilot. Not many sport pilots pursue this, but it's there. If evening flights appeal to you, ask your instructor about the § 61.329 endorsement process early in your training.
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Gotcha: One Passenger Maximum — Every Time
Sport pilot aircraft may have two seats — one for you, one for a passenger. That's it. No exceptions, no passengers in back, no 'we're all adults and it's fine.' Most LSA are two-seat designs anyway, so this limit rarely creates confusion on the aircraft side. But if you ever fly an LSA that's been certified as an airplane (some newer LSA airplanes may have four-seat designs under the amended 2025 rules), be crystal clear: your certificate limits you to one passenger regardless of how many seats the aircraft has.
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