AIM DECODED

6-5-3. ARFF Emergency Hand Signals

AIM Text

In the event that electronic communications cannot be maintained between the ARFF IC and the flight crew, standard emergency hand signals as depicted in FIG 6-5-1 through FIG 6-5-3should be used. These hand signals should be known and understood by all cockpit and cabin aircrew, and all ARFF firefighters.

FIG 6-5-1
Recommend Evacuation

FIG 6-5-1

FIG 6-5-2
Recommend Stop

FIG 6-5-2

FIG 6-5-3
Emergency Contained

FIG 6-5-3

Source: FAA Aeronautical Information Manual · current edition · paragraph 6-5-3.

Research Notes

AIM 6-5-3 covers ELTEmergency Locator Transmitter operation (parallel to § 91.207 with additional operational detail).

ELT activation:

  • Automatic: G-switch detects impact (typically 5-9 G)
  • Manual: Switch on the cockpit panel

121.5 MHz vs 406 MHz ELTs:

  • 121.5 MHz: Legacy. Not satellite-monitored since 2009. Detected by aircraft monitoring 121.5 in the area.
  • 406 MHz: Modern. Satellite-monitored. Transmits aircraft ID. Much faster SAR response.

If ELT activates accidentally: Turn it off immediately. Notify FSS or ATC. Inadvertent activations are common — make sure to deactivate before SAR resources are dispatched unnecessarily.

Reference: § 91.207; AC 91-44A; AIM 6-5-3.