FAR DECODED — TITLE 14 CFR

§ 61.193 — Flight Instructor Privileges

Regulation Text

§ 61.193 Flight instructor privileges.

(a) A person who holds a flight instructor certificate is authorized within the limitations of that person's flight instructor certificate and ratings to conduct ground training, flight training, certain checking events, and to issue endorsements related to:

(1) A student pilot certificate;

(2) A pilot certificate;

(3) A flight instructor certificate;

(4) A ground instructor certificate;

(5) An aircraft rating;

(6) An instrument rating;

(7) A flight review, operating privilege, or recency of experience requirement of this part, or training to maintain or improve the skills of a certificated pilot;

(8) A practical test; and

(9) A knowledge test.

(b) A person who holds a flight instructor certificate is authorized, in a form and manner acceptable to the Administrator, to:

(1) Accept an application for a student pilot certificate or, for an applicant who holds a pilot certificate (other than a student pilot certificate) issued under part 61 of this chapter and meets the flight review requirements specified in § 61.56, a remote pilot certificate with a small UAS rating;

(2) Verify the identity of the applicant; and

(3) Verify that an applicant for a student pilot certificate meets the eligibility requirements in § 61.83 or an applicant for a remote pilot certificate with a small UAS rating meets the eligibility requirements in § 107.61 of this chapter.

(c) The privileges authorized in this section do not permit a person who holds a flight instructor certificate to conduct operations that would otherwise require an air carrier or operating certificate or specific authorization from the Administrator.

[Docket FAA-2010-1127, Amdt. 61-135, 81 FR 1306, Jan. 12, 2016, as amended by Docket FAA-2015-0150, Amdt. 61-137, 81 FR 42208, June 28, 2016; Docket FAA-2023-1351, Amdt. 61-156, 89 FR 80340, Oct. 2, 2024]

Research Notes

Research Notes — § 61.193 Flight Instructor Privileges

Scope of Privileges — What a CFI Can Do

§ 61.193(a) establishes the broad scope of flight instructor privileges: ground training, flight training, certain checking events, and endorsements. The privileges listed in (a)(1) through (a)(9) cover the full range of certificates, ratings, and tests that a CFI may support. The limiting phrase — "within the limitations of that person's flight instructor certificate and ratings" — is critical. A CFI can only train for and endorse what their certificate and ratings authorize. A single-engine CFI cannot train multiengine students. A CFI without an instrument rating on their certificate cannot conduct instrument training under § 61.195(c). Source: 14 CFR § 61.193

Remote Pilot Certificate Authority — 2024 Amendment

The 2024 amendment (Docket FAA-2023-1351, Amdt. 61-156, 89 FR 80340, Oct. 2, 2024) revised § 61.193(b)(1) to clarify that a flight instructor may accept an application for a remote pilot certificate with a small UAS rating from an applicant who holds a pilot certificate (other than a student pilot certificate) and meets the flight review requirements of § 61.56. This authority allows CFIs to process Part 107 remote pilot certificates for already-certificated pilots who are eligible — similar to processing a student pilot certificate application. Source: 89 FR 80340

Student Pilot Certificate Acceptance Authority

Under § 61.193(b), CFIs have authority to accept student pilot certificate applications through IACRA — they can verify identity and eligibility and initiate the issuance process. This is an administrative expansion of CFI authority that reduces the burden of students having to visit an FAA FSDO or DPE. Source: FAA IACRA

Checking Events a CFI Can Conduct

Under § 61.193(a)(7), a CFI can conduct flight reviews per § 61.56 and instrument proficiency checks per § 61.57(d) — but only within the limitations of their certificate. A CFI cannot conduct an IPC without an instrument flight instructor rating. Source: 14 CFR § 61.193

CFI Commentary

Highlighted phrases in the regulation text above link to instructor notes at the bottom of this page. Look for the amber or blue highlights — each one flags a gotcha or a pro tip worth knowing.

Amendment History

2024-10-02
The 2016 amendments (Amdt. 61-135 and 61-137) expanded CFI authority to process student pilot certificate applications through IACRA and added remote pilot certificate processing authority. The 2024 amendment (Amdt. 61-156) further refined the remote pilot certificate authority to include already-certificated pilots eligible for Part 107.
Amendment: 61.193

AOA Notes

These notes correspond to the highlighted phrases in the regulation text above. Each one flags something worth knowing — a common misread, a checkride gotcha, or a practical pro tip.

Gotcha: Your Privileges Stop at Your Certificate and Ratings — No Exceptions
The limiting clause 'within the limitations of that person's flight instructor certificate and ratings' is the most important phrase in § 61.193. It means every privilege listed in (a) is bounded by what your certificate actually says. You cannot: - Train multiengine students if your CFI certificate only has a single-engine class rating - Conduct instrument training if your CFI certificate doesn't carry an instrument rating - Endorse for a complex aircraft checkout if you haven't met the requirements yourself - Conduct IPCs if you don't hold a CFII This is not a gray area. Acting as an instructor outside the privileges of your certificate is a Federal Aviation Regulation violation — the same category as flying without a medical or busting airspace. New CFIs sometimes try to 'help out' by doing a logbook endorsement in an area they're not rated. Don't. The endorsement has no legal effect and you've violated the regulation.
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Pro Tip: CFIs Can Process Student Pilot and Remote Pilot Applications — Use This
§ 61.193(b) gives CFIs something genuinely useful that not everyone knows to use: the authority to accept, verify, and process applications for student pilot certificates and remote pilot certificates (for eligible applicants) through IACRA. Instead of sending your student to an FAA FSDO or asking them to find a DPE just to get their student pilot certificate, you can process it yourself during their first flight lesson. Using this authority requires: IACRA access and a recommending instructor role, verifying the student's identity in person, and confirming eligibility (age, English language requirement). The student creates their IACRA account, you review and recommend, and the student pilot certificate issues electronically. It streamlines what used to be a bureaucratic hurdle and lets you keep your students moving forward without external delays.
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